Thunder Bay is a key regional exploration hub, distinguished by its flourishing mining industry comprising 9 active mines and over 18 major exploration projects. This robust sector is supported by a network of 400+ local mine service and supply companies. Recent discoveries have sparked heightened interest in exploration and mining throughout Northwestern Ontario, prompting intensified activities in gold, palladium, and lithium extraction. Thunder Bay’s economy is both diverse and modern, anchored by abundant natural resources, innovative SMEs, and state-of-the-art research capabilities. Ongoing research and innovation initiatives are breathing new life into traditional natural resource sectors, contributing to the region’s dynamic economic landscape.